14/05/ · Polio (medically termed Poliomyelitis) is derived from Greek words Polio – meaning grey and myelon – meaning the spinal cord. The disease commonly affects the spinal cord Polio is a viral disease that spreads due to unclean conditions and improper sewage treatment. The infection is caused by a virus called as Poliovirus and attacks the digestive tract. Initially Free Polio Essays and Papers Polio Essay. INTRODUCTION Poliomyelitis also called polio is a sever virus infectious disease it is a major cause of polio. Early historians describe polio as a
History of Polio – GPEI
In the early 20th century, polio was one of the most feared diseases in industrialized countries, paralysing essay on polio of thousands of children every year. Soon after the introduction of effective vaccines in the s and s however, polio was brought under control and practically eliminated as a essay on polio health problem in these countries. An Egyptian stele portrays a priest with a withered leg, suggesting that polio has existed for thousands of years. In Germany, Dr Jacob von Heine conducts the first systemcatic investigation of polio and develops the theory that the disease may be contagious. The first significant outbreak of infantile paralysis subsequently identified as polio is documented in the United States of America.
Austrian physicians Karl Landsteiner and Erwin Popper hypothesize that polio may be caused by a virus. A polio epidemic in New York, USA, heightens concern on both sides of essay on polio Atlantic and accelerates research into how the disease is spread. Sir Macfarlane Burnet and Dame Jeam MacNamara identify several types of polio virus, known as types 1, 2, and 3. Essay on polio United States of America establishes the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, which later becomes the March of Dimes — a fund raising organization focusing on polio research.
Thomas Weller and Frederick Robbins successfully grow live polio virus in live cells. Six years later they receive essay on polio Nobel Prize for their work. Dr Jonas Salk essay on polio the first vaccine against polio —an injectable, inactivated killed polio vaccine IPV. Lameness surveys demonstrate that polio is widespread in many developing countries, leading to the introduction of routine immunization with OPV in almost all national immunization programmes. Polio paralyses more than children worldwide everyday. The Global Polio Laboratory Network is formally established to detect the presence of wild and vaccine-derived polio viruses in countries.
The last case of wild polio occurs in the WHO region of the Americas. He is a three year old boy called Luis Fermin Tenorio living in Junin, Northern Peru. The WHO region of the Americas is certified polio-free. In China, 80 million children are vaccinated. More than 56 million children are vaccinated in 19 countries of the WHO European and Eastern Mediterranean Regions. In India, 87 million children are vaccinated. Nelson Mandela officially launches the Kick Polio Out ofAfrica Campaign and million African children vaccinated during National Immunization Days.
The last case of wild polio occurs in the WHO Western Pacific Region. She is a 15 month old girl called Mum Chanty living near Phnom Penh, Cambodia. In Turkey on 26 NovemberMelik Minas, a 33 month old unvaccinated child is the last child paralysed by indigenous wild poliovirus in the European region. The UN Essay on polio General agrees to negotiate truces for immunization in the Democratic Republic of Congo. National Immunization Days are conducted in war torn Liberia. The WHO Western Pacific Region is certified polio free. The WHO European region is certified polio-free, essay on polio. In Northern Nigeria, polio immunization campaigns are suspended following unfounded rumours regarding the safety of the polio vaccine, essay on polio.
Subsequently a new outbreak occurs. In Africa, synchronized National Immunization Days in 23countries target 80 million children —the largest coordinated polio immunization effort on the continent. New monovalent oral polio vaccines mOPV become available to enhance the impact of supplementary immunization activities. Four endemic countries remain: Afghanistan, India, Nigeria and Pakistan, essay on polio. Outbreaks in Yemen and Indonesia—which suffer the largest, single-country outbreaks in recent years —are successfully stopped. More than million children are immunized in 27 countries.
On International Peace Day, 80 previously inaccessible children are reached with polio vaccine in southern Afghanistan. A new outbreak of polio spreads from Nigeria to West Africa. Large outbreaks with more than cases wild poliovirus occur in both Tajikistan and Congo, essay on polio. Transmission is stopped by the end of the year in both countries. The globally synchronised switch from trivalent to bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine is implemented in April This is the first part of the phased withdrawal of all oral polio vaccine. It took somewhat longer for polio to be recognized as a major problem in developing countries.
Lameness surveys during the s revealed that the disease was also prevalent in developing countries. As a result, essay on polio, during the s routine immunization was introduced worldwide as part of national immunization programmes, helping to control the disease in many developing countries. When the GPEI started, polio paralysed more than children worldwide every day. Since then, more than 2. There has also been success in eradicating certain strains of the virus; of the three types of wild polioviruses WPVsthe last case of type 2 was reported in and its eradication was declared in September ; the most recent case of type 3 dates to November and this strain was declared as globally eradicated in October Who we are Our Mission.
Polio Endgame Strategy GPEI Strategy Integration Surveillance Essay on polio Immunization Supplementary Immunization Targeted Mop-up Campaigns. Partners GPEI Lessons Learned Project GPEI History Project. Governance and Structure Polio Oversight Board Independent Monitoring Board IMB Members Reports Meetings Global Polio Partners Group Transition IMB. History of Polio. Preparing for a Polio-Free World OPV Cessation Containment Certification Global Certification Commission Regional Certification Commission Polio Post-Certification Strategy Transition Planning Country Transition Planning Global and Regional Transition Planning Capturing and sharing lessons learned.
Endemic Countries Afghanistan Pakistan. Outbreak Countries. Key At-Risk Countries. Africa Kicks Out Wild Polio. Polio-Free Countries. Financial Needs Polio eradication pledging moment 18 October Investment Case — Financial Resource Requirements GPEI Budget outbreak budget monitoring Archived Budgets Donors Historical Contributions Other Contributions. Expenditure Information Annual Expenditure Reports WHO and UNICEF Financing Portals. Financial News. Gender Gender Equality Strategy GPEI Gender Infographics FAQ — Gender and Polio Eradication. Polio Gender Champions Former Gender Champions, essay on polio. Voices from the Field Women Leaders, essay on polio. News Stories Our World United to End Polio.
GPEI Media Centre. Newsletter Subscribe. Resources for Polio Eradicators GPEI Tools, Protocols and Guidelines Communication for Eradication Strategies. Community of Practice CoP. GPEI: Key Information Bank. Multimedia Photos Photo Essays Photo Collections Videos. History of Polio In the early 20th century, polio was one of the most feared diseases in industrialized countries, paralysing hundreds of thousands of children every year. Use this interactive timeline to trace the history of polio from B, essay on polio.
to the present. Designed and essay on polio by ACW.
Polio Vaccines - Exam Points
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11/12/ · Polio, also known as poliomyelitis and infantile paralysis, is a highly contagious viral infection that can lead to paralysis, breathing problems, or even death. Polio can be classified As recently at the 's, polio was a common disease in the United States. It was first detected as early as when doctors recorded small outbreaks of an odd disease In the early 20th century, polio was one of the most feared diseases in industrialized countries, paralysing hundreds of thousands of children every year. Soon after the introduction of
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